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The Story of the Anubis
The animal which was at once the type and symbol of the god
was the jackal, and this fact seems to prove that in primitive times Anubis was merely the jackal god, and that he was associated with the dead because the jackal was generally seen prowling about
the tombs. His worship is very ancient, and there is no doubt that even the earliest times his cult was general in Egypt;
it is probable that it is older than that of Osiris. In the text of Unas he is associated with the Eye of Horus, and
his duty as the guide of the dead in the Underworld on their way to Osiris was well defined, even at the remote period when
this composition was written, from we read, Unas standeth with the Spirits, get thee onwards, Anubis, into
"Amenti {the Underworld}, onwards,
onwards to Osiris." In the lines that follow we see that Anubis is mentioned in connection with Horus, Set, Thoth, Sep, and
Khent-an-maati. From another passage of the same text we find that the hand, arms, belly, and legs of the deceased are
identified with Temu, but his face is said to be in the form of that of Anubis. The localities in which Anubis was especially
worshipped are Abt, the Papyrus Swamps, Sep, Re-au, Heru-ti, Ta-hetchet, Saint,
{Lycopolis}, Sekhem, {Letopolis}, etc. In the Theban Recesion of the Book of the Dead he plays some very prominent parts,
the most important of all being those which are connected with the judgment and the embalmed the body of Osiris, and that
he swathed it in the linen swathing which were woven by Isis and Nepthys, that it resisted the influences of time and deacy.
In the vignette of the Funeral Procession the mummy is received by Anubis, who stands by the Book of the Dead the god is seen
standing by the side of the mummy as it lies on its bier, and he lays his protecting hands upon it. In the speech which is
put into the mouth of Anubis, he says, "I have come to protect Osiris." In the text of Unas the nose of the deceased declares,
My lips are the lips of Anpu." From various passages it is clear that one part of Egypt at least Anubis was the great god
of the Underworld, and his rank and importance seem to have been as great as those of Osiris.
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